Know where client confidences live
Confidential information spreads far beyond the document management system. List every place it lives, then check that each one has an owner, access controls and a backup.
| Location | Common gap | Control to check |
|---|---|---|
| Email and shared mailboxes | No MFA, shared passwords | MFA for every user, delegated access instead of shared logins |
| Document management system | Firm-wide access to every matter | Matter-level permissions and ethical walls |
| Practice and billing systems | Separate passwords, missed in offboarding | Single sign-on with MFA |
| Laptops and home computers | Unencrypted or personally owned | Firm-managed, encrypted devices |
| Phones and texts | Client data mixed with personal apps | Managed apps and remote wipe of firm data |
| File-sharing links | Links that never expire | Expiring, authenticated links |
| Former employees' accounts | Deleted too early or never disabled | Disabled on departure, preserved per policy |
| Backups | Stored on the same network | Immutable, off-site and tested |
Pay special attention to the last two rows. A former employee's mailbox may be the only copy of a key exchange, and a backup on the same network as everything else will likely be encrypted alongside it.









